In May 1862, President Abraham Lincoln named Johnson the military governor of those parts of the state under federal control.Īfter the war, delegates from across the state met in Nashville to shape a new state constitution, adopted on Feb. The capture of Memphis and Nashville - the first Southern state capital to fall to Union forces - gave the Union control of the western and middle parts of the state.Īndrew Johnson, a future president and Southern Democrat who broke with his party over secession, hailed from eastern Tennessee. Memphis fell to the Union in June, following a naval battle on the Mississippi River. Tennessee was the last state to secede, which it did two months. As a result, there was a division of sentiment in Tennessee during the Civil War.
Those in the eastern part did not own slaves. Black slaves worked on farms in the western and central parts of Tennessee before the Civil War. In April, Union troops held off a bloody Confederate counterattack at Shiloh. Tennessee entered the Union as the 16th state in 1796. Ulysses Grant seized control of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers. In February 1862, with the aid of naval forces, Gen. It furnished more soldiers for the Confederate Army than any other state and more soldiers for the Union Army than any other Southern state. During the war, many Tennesseans wore Confederate gray uniforms while others donned Union blue. Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union for the Confederacy and the first readmitted to the Union at war’s end. In the state’s mountainous eastern section, however, where few people owned slaves, voters opposed secession by more than 2-to-1.
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